Karri-borlbme Kun-wok

ngarrurndeng

ngarrurndeng

Listen Yi-biddjuyme (Click play)

English Translation
(Kun-balandaken)
I am going back, I am returning.
Pronunciation
(Bale ka-yime karri-ngeybun?)

ŋaˈɾuɳdɛŋ
(listen to the audio file)
http://words.bininjgunwok.org.au/words/word--59

In Gundjeihmi the initial velar nasal ŋ (wirtten 'ng') is optional, so you can also say [aˈɾuɳdɛŋ].

The 'rr' is an alveolar flap, like the 'tt' in the Australian English word 'better' [ˈbeɾə]. Some learners of Bininj Gunwok are distracted by the fact that the sound is represented by the letters 'rr' and then try to 'roll' it like a trill, which is not correct. Also, notice the retroflex 'rn' sound. Listen to the audio to hear this.

Note that the underlying verb stem is -durndeng. However, when the 'd' has a vowel on either side, it changes to a flap sound. When there is no prefix on the verb as in the third person past tense form in Kunwinjku (but not Gundjeihmi), the 'd' changes to 'rr' and that is how it is written here.

Kunwinjku:
durndi 'he/she went back'
Gundjeihmi:
ba-rrurndi 'he/she went back'

Morphology
(Karri-wokdjobdjobke)

nga- is the first person singular pronoun prefix that appears on verbs. The stem of this verb is -durnde and the -ng ending is for the non-past tense (i.e. present and future). You can replace nga- with any of the other pronoun prefixes.

Notes
(Njalenjale)

Here are the inflections for tense, aspect and mood:

-durndeng non-past 'she/he is going back'
-durndi past perfective 'she/he went back'
-durndengi past imperfective 'she used to go back
-durnde imperative 'go back!'
-durndeyi(nj) irrealis 'should go back, might go back, didn't go back'
-durnderren reflexive used to mark a plural subject e.g.
gabarri-durnderren 'they are al going back' (Gdj)
kabirri-durnderren 'they are all going back' (W)
In the past this form is -durnderrinj.

Usage
(Bale kabirri-yime?)

Kundedjnjenghmi dialect:
An-bolh arri-bunjyidurndengi, arri-dadjkeyi arri-kolemirndemey, Marranboy.
We used to go back along the route with bundles of spears, we cut them and collected heaps of them, at Maranboy.

Yi-rrurnde, yi-ray! (W)
Yi-rrurnde, yi-rai! (Gdj)
Go back, go away!

Ngarr-durndeng. (W)
Arr-durndeng. (Gdj)
Let's go back, (you and I).

Bonj, korroko durndi. (W)
Bonj, gorrogo ba-rrurndi. (Gdj)
He's already gone back.

Date
(Balekeno)
02 Aug 2013