Karri-borlbme Kun-wok

ngawon

ngawon

English Translation
(Kun-balandaken)
I give
Pronunciation
(Bale ka-yime karri-ngeybun?)

ŋawon
ŋ is the IPA symbol for the velar nasal which is written as 'ng' in Bininj Gunwok. It's the same as the 'ng' sound in the English word 'sing' but NOT as in 'finger' where it is 'ŋg'. As mentioned before, Australian languages have many words where 'ng' is at the start of a word or syllable. This does not occur in English, so it requires some practice for those learning Bininj Gunwok dialects. The stem of the verb here however is -won, which is the focus of our vocabulary today.

Morphology
(Karri-wokdjobdjobke)

The part of the word you should focus on is the verb stem -won. The nga- prefix, as for previous verbs we have been learning, means 'I', the first person singular. Again, you can put a large number of pronoun prefixes on the verb stem. The tense, aspect and mood forms for -won are as follows.

-won = present (give, giving)
-wong = past perfective (gave)
-woyi = irrealis or negative (should, might, didn't give)
-woni = past imperfective (used to give, was giving)
-wo = command

Notes
(Njalenjale)

You can also use various other pronoun prefixes:
nga-won
yi-won
ngurri-won
kabene-won (W) gabani-won (Gdj)
karri-won
ka-won (W) ga-won (Gdj)
kabirri-won (W) gabarri-won (Gdj)
etc.

However:
kabi-won (W) gabi-won (Gdj)
'he/she gives to him/her'

Note that ka-won (W) ga-won (Gdj) means 'he/she/it gives' and it does not mean 'he/she gives to him/her'. This raises a big area of grammar— the prefixes on verbs that mark both a subject (the actor) and the object (the entity acted on). On the blog post:
http://bininjgunwok.org.au/2012/07/

there are charts with the basic intransitive (i.e. no object) pronoun prefixes for both Kunwinjku and Gundjeihmi. The prefix kabi- (W) gabi- (Gdj) however is an example of a prefix that marks both a subject and an object at the same time— 'he/she acting on him/her'. There are many of these.

There will be some blog posts about these in coming weeks. If you can't wait for that, you can also learn more about them in Steve Etherington's Kunwinjku learner's guide:

http://www.scribd.com/doc/113994707/Kunwinjku-Kunwok-A-Short-Introduction-to-Kunwinjku-Language-and-Society

Usage
(Bale kabirri-yime?)

Kan-wo! (W) Gan-wo! (Gdj)
'Give it to me!'

Yi-wo!
Give it to him/her!

Birri-wong. (W) Barri-wong. (Gdj)
They gave it.

Kaluk nga-won. (W) Galuk a-won (Gdj)
I'll give it [to him/her].

Minj ngandi-woyi.
They didn't give it to me.

Won.
I will give it to you/ I am giving it to you.
[note that here there is no prefix in this example and this 'zero' prefix means 'I > acting on you']

Minj won.
I will not give it to you.

Ngun-won.
He/she will give it to you.

Korroko ngun-wong, yi-ray. (W)
Gorrogo ngun-wong, yi-rai. (Gdj)
He/she already gave it to you, go away.

Date
(Balekeno)
16 Apr 2013